00:03:42.000 --> 00:03:46.320
On the way, I ran into Deputy Torgler

00:03:46.840 --> 00:03:50.840
who was with Van der Lubbe,

00:03:51.000 --> 00:03:54.520
whom, of course,
we didn't know at the time.

00:03:55.880 --> 00:03:59.360
When Torgler spotted us,

00:04:00.120 --> 00:04:02.880
Torgler's face...

00:04:03.040 --> 00:04:07.920
took on a different expression
than usual.

00:04:08.080 --> 00:04:13.440
The usual calm he displayed
had completely disappeared.

00:04:14.720 --> 00:04:20.240
Torgler turned pale
and even looked scared to see us.

00:04:20.760 --> 00:04:26.120
We couldn't help thinking
that something was up.

00:04:43.080 --> 00:04:46.960
I saw his photo in the newspaper
and showed it to my colleagues.

00:04:47.120 --> 00:04:50.160
I was certain it was him.

00:04:51.000 --> 00:04:53.320
I also spotted a group of people

00:04:53.480 --> 00:04:56.800
acting in a strange way.

00:04:56.960 --> 00:04:59.280
They weren't speaking in German.

00:04:59.600 --> 00:05:03.800
On seeing their faces and body shapes,

00:05:03.960 --> 00:05:09.320
my intuition told me
that they were Bolsheviks.

00:05:25.800 --> 00:05:29.240
The Criminal Police assistant and I
took a table

00:05:29.400 --> 00:05:32.960
next to these three people

00:05:33.600 --> 00:05:36.320
seated near the door of the restaurant.

00:05:36.680 --> 00:05:40.280
Our presence seemed to disturb them,

00:05:40.440 --> 00:05:45.560
because soon after,
they got ready to leave.

00:05:45.840 --> 00:05:48.440
I went over

00:05:49.240 --> 00:05:52.920
and asked them to show me some ID.

00:08:52.800 --> 00:08:57.160
I have observed the rise
of the Nazi movement,

00:08:57.320 --> 00:09:01.400
and it is far beyond our hopes.

00:09:01.920 --> 00:09:04.680
Nazism couldn't be contained.

00:09:04.840 --> 00:09:09.160
On the contrary,
the Nazi Party rightfully obtained

00:09:09.320 --> 00:09:13.160
the leadership of the Reich Cabinet.

00:09:13.320 --> 00:09:16.400
We now expect March 5th

00:09:16.560 --> 00:09:19.480
to be a resounding and crushing
electoral success.

00:09:46.400 --> 00:09:49.240
March 5th marks a huge victory

00:09:49.400 --> 00:09:53.400
for one man and a whole movement.

00:09:53.880 --> 00:09:56.720
The victor is Adolf Hitler,

00:09:56.880 --> 00:09:59.960
and the movement is Nazism.

00:10:00.120 --> 00:10:02.880
And the two are at one

00:10:03.040 --> 00:10:05.880
with the German people and the Reich.

00:12:30.400 --> 00:12:34.880
The arson attack on the Reichstag is
a foretaste of what Europe can expect

00:12:35.240 --> 00:12:40.520
if this diabolical doctrine
that is Communism should win.

00:12:41.000 --> 00:12:45.440
This merely reinforces my decision

00:12:45.600 --> 00:12:48.720
to expiate this crime
with the public execution

00:12:48.880 --> 00:12:52.320
of the arsonist and his accomplices.

00:16:02.760 --> 00:16:08.200
When today, in foreign lands,
terrible news is spread,

00:16:08.360 --> 00:16:11.600
when they say that it was I, myself,

00:16:12.160 --> 00:16:14.240
who set fire to the Reichstag,

00:16:14.400 --> 00:16:18.880
when they say that Torgler's ears
have been cut off,

00:16:19.040 --> 00:16:21.600
I thoroughly object to it.

00:16:21.840 --> 00:16:25.520
Read Vorwärts!
Read the Münchener Post!

00:16:25.680 --> 00:16:29.040
Read all this lie-filled press

00:16:29.200 --> 00:16:33.240
to see just how grotesque it is.

00:17:06.840 --> 00:17:11.560
Why consider the author of this memo,
a dead man who cannot speak,

00:17:11.720 --> 00:17:14.440
whom we cannot question as a witness?

00:17:14.600 --> 00:17:18.320
The Communist Party has always
fought us this way in Germany.

00:17:18.480 --> 00:17:22.880
Now it is trying to make this
struggle international.

00:18:23.240 --> 00:18:28.600
Germans, free yourselves
from Jewish clutches!

00:19:06.680 --> 00:19:09.240
BEWARE OF JEWS

00:19:52.800 --> 00:19:59.680
The age of exaggerated
Jewish intellectualism is over.

00:20:01.560 --> 00:20:04.960
The breakthrough
of a national revolution

00:20:05.120 --> 00:20:08.880
has cleared a path for the German way.

00:20:13.920 --> 00:20:18.040
Against the class war and materialism,

00:20:18.760 --> 00:20:21.560
for the community of the people

00:20:21.720 --> 00:20:24.880
and the idealistic approach to life,

00:20:25.040 --> 00:20:27.080
I condemn to the flames

00:20:27.240 --> 00:20:29.440
the writings of Karl Marx,

00:20:29.720 --> 00:20:33.200
Heinrich Mann, Ernst Gläser,

00:20:33.360 --> 00:20:36.920
Erich Kästner and Karl Kautsky.

00:22:55.960 --> 00:22:59.720
We went to Oranienburg
with our microphone

00:23:00.200 --> 00:23:03.080
because we wanted you,
and the whole world,

00:23:03.240 --> 00:23:04.720
to know the truth.

00:23:06.040 --> 00:23:08.800
- Come here. Your name?
- Grösse.

00:23:10.240 --> 00:23:12.440
- Were you a Communist?
- Yes.

00:23:12.600 --> 00:23:15.360
- What soup is this?
- Pea soup.

00:23:15.520 --> 00:23:19.520
Pea soup?
What do you have with it, bacon?

00:23:20.200 --> 00:23:21.480
Yes, bacon?

00:23:21.640 --> 00:23:24.000
- Does it feed you?
- Yes.

00:23:24.160 --> 00:23:26.480
- So you don't go hungry?
- Right.

00:23:27.120 --> 00:23:29.520
And what would Nazi prisoners eat

00:23:29.680 --> 00:23:32.440
if you Communists were in power?

00:23:33.160 --> 00:23:36.720
We wouldn't be treated
as well as you have been treated.

00:24:18.320 --> 00:24:21.280
I was bound day and night
for five months.

00:24:21.440 --> 00:24:25.680
I withstood that,
not through strength of character,

00:24:25.840 --> 00:24:29.640
but because I knew I was innocent.

00:24:29.800 --> 00:24:33.920
I knew I was subjected to this
because I was a Communist leader,

00:24:34.080 --> 00:24:38.600
because of my wholehearted
and enthusiastic engagement

00:24:38.760 --> 00:24:42.400
for the cause of the working classes.

00:25:41.000 --> 00:25:45.880
I want neither the honey
nor the poison

00:25:46.040 --> 00:25:49.200
of a foreign defense.

00:25:49.480 --> 00:25:53.560
I'm sorry, but I must say this frankly.

00:25:53.720 --> 00:25:56.760
I would rather,
despite my innocence,

00:25:56.920 --> 00:26:02.640
be sentenced to death
as a Reichstag arsonist

00:26:02.880 --> 00:26:08.480
than be defended by Dr. Sack.

00:27:23.080 --> 00:27:26.160
Van der Lubbe on Röhms' "Lovers List"

00:28:54.960 --> 00:29:00.320
I formally open this trial
for arson and high treason.

00:29:01.160 --> 00:29:03.400
The five accused...

00:29:03.760 --> 00:29:06.520
The writer, Georgi Dimitrov.

00:29:06.840 --> 00:29:09.240
The mason, Van der Lubbe, Marinus.

00:29:09.440 --> 00:29:12.040
The employee, Ernst Torgler,

00:29:12.200 --> 00:29:14.200
former member of the Reichstag.

00:29:14.360 --> 00:29:16.760
The student, Blagoi Popov.

00:29:17.160 --> 00:29:19.440
The shoemaker, Vasil Tanev.

00:29:19.800 --> 00:29:22.680
The huge importance of the event

00:29:23.560 --> 00:29:27.160
that constitutes the basis of this trial

00:29:27.320 --> 00:29:30.680
has led to fierce debate
on the investigation...

00:30:14.960 --> 00:30:16.560
Herr Lubbe, stand up.

00:30:16.720 --> 00:30:19.800
- Do you feel unwell?
- No.

00:30:19.960 --> 00:30:23.240
You must not laugh.
Why are you laughing?

00:30:25.040 --> 00:30:26.280
Because of...

00:30:27.720 --> 00:30:28.560
this trial.

00:30:28.720 --> 00:30:31.560
This trial?
Do you find it strange?

00:30:31.720 --> 00:30:32.920
No.

00:30:33.760 --> 00:30:37.520
Ii it to do with the fact
that in foreign countries,

00:30:37.680 --> 00:30:40.760
part of public opinion has stated

00:30:40.920 --> 00:30:45.280
that you are a friend of the Nazis?

00:30:45.920 --> 00:30:48.280
- Is that why you're laughing?
- No.

00:30:48.760 --> 00:30:51.480
Then tell us why you're laughing.

00:30:52.120 --> 00:30:54.800
It's important for us to know,.

00:30:54.960 --> 00:30:59.760
so that we can understand
how your mind works.

00:30:59.920 --> 00:31:02.560
Because we don't really know.

00:31:20.520 --> 00:31:22.680
Van der Lubbe, look up.

00:31:22.840 --> 00:31:25.200
Try to raise your head.

00:31:26.080 --> 00:31:30.160
You sitting there with your head down
won't get us anywhere.

00:31:30.320 --> 00:31:33.160
And it will probably tire you even more.

00:31:34.040 --> 00:31:36.360
So raise your head.

00:31:36.880 --> 00:31:39.480
We won't get anywhere like this.

00:33:06.120 --> 00:33:09.960
Van der Lubbe crossed
the ground-floor antechamber,

00:33:10.440 --> 00:33:13.480
climbed the main staircase
at the south entrance,

00:33:14.200 --> 00:33:16.200
crossed the room with the dome,

00:33:17.080 --> 00:33:20.880
before skirting round
the left-hand side of the plenary chamber

00:33:21.200 --> 00:33:23.440
and reaching the president's desk,

00:33:24.240 --> 00:33:26.200
lighting fires as he went

00:33:26.360 --> 00:33:30.520
in all the places
noted in the investigation.

00:34:44.640 --> 00:34:47.880
How long before the fire
did these noises start?

00:34:48.200 --> 00:34:50.000
Four weeks.

00:34:50.480 --> 00:34:53.160
How many times did you notice them?

00:34:53.320 --> 00:34:55.600
About six times.

00:34:56.640 --> 00:34:58.520
How did you establish

00:34:58.680 --> 00:35:03.240
that people were taking
the tunnel at night?

00:35:04.240 --> 00:35:08.400
At night, when all is calm,
you can hear every footstep.

00:35:10.320 --> 00:35:12.960
Was it always one person?

00:35:13.120 --> 00:35:14.840
Always just one person.

00:35:16.560 --> 00:35:21.840
During January and February,
since Herr Göring's presidency began,

00:35:22.000 --> 00:35:27.000
SA and SS men
were constantly going in and out

00:35:27.160 --> 00:35:29.240
of the president's home.

00:35:29.400 --> 00:35:33.000
So the key is to know
whether SA or SS men

00:35:33.160 --> 00:35:38.640
went in and then out
on the day of the fire.

00:36:22.680 --> 00:36:25.080
Where were you
on the Sunday morning?

00:36:27.800 --> 00:36:29.720
With the Nazis.

00:36:29.880 --> 00:36:32.360
- What?
- With the Nazis.

00:36:36.960 --> 00:36:41.920
First he said "with the Nazis",
and then he said "at Spandau".

00:36:42.480 --> 00:36:45.640
- What did he say first?
- "With the Nazis".

00:37:05.040 --> 00:37:10.360
Yesterday's examination of the accused
was very difficult,

00:37:10.520 --> 00:37:15.120
as his answers were few
and barely understandable,

00:37:15.280 --> 00:37:21.120
and he gave the impression
of thinking a long time about each word.

00:37:21.880 --> 00:37:26.840
We thus ask for your understanding
if one of our broadcasts

00:37:27.000 --> 00:37:30.960
encounters technical problems.

00:39:03.960 --> 00:39:07.600
Broadly speaking,
the Brown Book claims

00:39:08.240 --> 00:39:13.600
that my friend, Goebbels,
supposedly gave me the plan

00:39:13.960 --> 00:39:19.240
to burn down the Reichstag,
and that I gleefully carried it out.

00:39:21.160 --> 00:39:25.120
I supposedly watched the fire blazing

00:39:26.240 --> 00:39:30.720
dressed in a blue silk toga.

00:39:31.520 --> 00:39:36.840
All that's missing is me playing the lyre
like Nero did in Ancient Rome!

00:39:45.120 --> 00:39:47.600
On the morning of February 28th,

00:39:47.760 --> 00:39:51.600
the newspapers published a declaration

00:39:51.760 --> 00:39:54.440
from Minister-President Göring

00:39:54.600 --> 00:39:57.200
concerning the Reichstag fire.

00:39:57.760 --> 00:39:59.280
It stated

00:39:59.520 --> 00:40:04.200
that the Reichstag fire
was the work of Communists.

00:40:04.720 --> 00:40:08.760
I'd like to know the basis
for Herr Göring's comment.

00:40:08.920 --> 00:40:10.400
- I can tell you.
- Do so.

00:40:11.520 --> 00:40:14.560
I merely gave the order
to carry out the investigation

00:40:14.720 --> 00:40:19.800
with the greatest speed
and precision possible.

00:40:19.960 --> 00:40:23.480
And I have always drawn attention
to the fact

00:40:23.640 --> 00:40:26.160
that Van der Lubbe
must have had accomplices.

00:40:26.320 --> 00:40:30.600
It was clear to me,
just as it still is today,

00:40:30.760 --> 00:40:33.640
that your Party was the culprit.

00:40:35.680 --> 00:40:41.080
Did this standpoint not influence

00:40:41.240 --> 00:40:44.760
the police and judicial investigations?

00:40:44.920 --> 00:40:48.240
Did it not also close off other leads

00:40:48.400 --> 00:40:52.120
which could have resulted
in the arrest

00:40:52.280 --> 00:40:56.680
to the true arsonists of the Reichstag?

00:40:59.800 --> 00:41:04.120
I did not come here
to hear you accuse me like this!

00:41:04.280 --> 00:41:07.280
The German people know it, believe me.

00:41:07.440 --> 00:41:11.520
They know that your behavior here,
in Germany, is scandalous.

00:41:11.680 --> 00:41:14.640
You come here, set fire to the Reichstag

00:41:14.800 --> 00:41:18.040
and then dare to speak
with such insolence!

00:41:18.200 --> 00:41:21.880
In my eyes, you are a scoundrel
fit only for the gallows!

00:41:23.560 --> 00:41:26.880
Do my questions scare you,
Herr Minister-President?

00:41:27.040 --> 00:41:32.040
You'll be scared if I get hold of you
after this trial, you scoundrel!

00:43:20.520 --> 00:43:23.800
The accused, Van der Lubbe,
set fire to the Reichstag,

00:43:23.960 --> 00:43:27.560
knowingly and willfully
cooperating with others.

00:43:27.720 --> 00:43:30.480
Van der Lubbe is sentenced to death.

00:43:37.960 --> 00:43:43.040
The accused, Torgler, Dimitrov,
Popov and Tanev

00:43:43.200 --> 00:43:45.080
are acquitted.

00:46:48.520 --> 00:46:51.680
To put it briefly, we discovered

00:46:51.840 --> 00:46:55.960
that Hitler wanted to organize

00:46:56.600 --> 00:47:00.120
a huge propaganda coup.

00:47:01.280 --> 00:47:05.440
It was Goebbels who first had the idea

00:47:06.280 --> 00:47:08.800
of setting fire to the Reichstag.

00:47:08.960 --> 00:47:13.400
A team of ten trustworthy SA men

00:47:13.560 --> 00:47:16.320
was then put together.

00:47:24.080 --> 00:47:28.280
As far as we can establish,
none of them are still alive.

00:47:28.440 --> 00:47:31.200
Most of them were murdered.