WEBVTT

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[BACKGROUND NOISE]

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[MUSIC]

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The war will not end
until Saigon is badly hurt.

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A Vietnamese told me this
on my first day there.

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We were in a street
called the Street of Flowers

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where you buy your decorations
for the new year.

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[MUSIC]

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Saigon is fat

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and the good luck signs in gold
that you see on the streets

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give no hint of the death
that is just outside the city.

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[VIETNAMESE LANGUAGE]

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[MUSIC]

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It\'s Tết, Vietnamese New Year

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and the city is tense.

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[MUSIC]

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You have long tall Texans out there
at a cool fair gate of 68.

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It is Saigon cowboy, you Saigon VC?

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You think I was the ugly American?

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For the American people,
I can say from having campaigned,

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the country are terribly frustrated
about this war.

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[MUSIC]

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Saigon is fat on American money,

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but the war that
bought that money here is not seen.

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You see the service industries of war

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but the real war, the killing war
is just offstage.

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Fewer GIs on the streets these days.

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Their motto,
\"Don\'t be the last GI to die in Vietnam.\"

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The possibility of withdrawing proofs
is something that we have--

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I got to go to heaven because I\'ve been to hell.

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Two types of people in the city,

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the Americans
and the Gooks as they call them.

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[MUSIC]

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Believe it or not the other day
I saw a Honda with seven people on it.

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Theoretically, there are friendly Gooks
and unfriendly Gooks

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but in the end, they\'re just all Gooks.

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[VIETNAMESE LANGUAGE]

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The guard tells us that the crowd is dangerous
and we must disperse.

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We\'re endangering
the enlisted man\'s quarters

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which lie behind the white barrels.

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[MUSIC]

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It\'s hard for a young American
who is neither a soldier or an aid man

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who wants to know the Vietnamese people.

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Some manage.

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There\'s a house on [?] Street.

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A seeming slum
with refugees camped against it\'s walls,

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poor lost people
living on morphine and prostitution.

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Inside this house,
the floor covered with shoeshine kids,

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kids of the street.

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30 of them have drifted into this house
over the last year

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and the guy who encouraged them to come

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is a young actor from Boston
called Dick Huges.

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Nobody pays Dick to look after these kids.

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He says he just gives them a place to sleep,

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but in fact, he gets them out of jail.

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He treats their wounds.

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Each morning he shakes them out of the house
and they go off to a day of shoe shining

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and probably pimping and stealing as well.

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On the Jackie Gleason show at 20:05 PM,

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Jackie [?] Nipsey Russell,
plus a visit from [?]

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I lived in this house for several weeks.

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The very first morning I was there,
two of these kids stole my still camera.

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Within 10 minutes, they\'d sold it to a fence,

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and 10 minutes after that,
they were back singing songs.

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I\'m 100% yours tonight baby.

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[VIETNAMESE LANGUAGE]

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Later in the morning, work begins
at a little news bureau called Dispatch.

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You\'ll find Dick there
and some other young Americans.

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I found some [?]

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Everybody\'s very tired.

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Bureau Chief Mike Morrow, 23,
speaks Chinese.

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What about your story?
Is your story finished?

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Yes, I don\'t think I\'ll rewrite that.
I think that looks pretty good.

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I think you should rewrite it
because it doesn\'t--

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When I was in Saigon,

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Dispatch was unknown,

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but six months later, they helped
break the story on the Mỹ Lai massacre

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and Dick\'s prediction seems prophetic now.

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Dispatch?

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Dispatch is a news agency
that\'s just about to make it.

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A lot of young people together
in a haphazard way

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that are trying to find out what is happening
in Vietnam, in Saigon

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and later in Southeast Asia.

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We have four outlets at the moment.

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We\'re writing for the Seattle Times,
the San Francisco Chronicle,

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National Catholic Reporter,
and Los Angeles Free Press.

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The only way I try to answer that question
for myself why I came over here.

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The only thing I really found is that
it seemed like the most natural thing to do.

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If you\'re concerned about something,
you do something about it.

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The way I do things, is to go right to the
center of the problem where it\'s happening.

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The strange thing is that when I knew them,

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they were writing little
about the war itself.

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John Steinbeck, for instance,
was living and writing for Dispatch

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on a strange island of peace
in the Mekong Delta.

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You get to John\'s island by boat.

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A boat driven by boy monks,

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for the island is a religious sanctuary
in the Mekong River.

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The leader of the island is a man
who\'s a legend in the south.

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They call him the Coconut Monk

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because he once spent seven years
in the coconut tree,

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vowed to silence praying for peace

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It\'s in the center of South Vietnam,
where there is nothing but war and turmoil.

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This man through a very curious,
if not almost laughable measures

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has an island where
there is pure peace, simple peace.

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John calls himself a friend,
not a follower of the monk.

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He lives there because, as he says,

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\"It\'s the only place you can find
truly happy Vietnamese people without hate

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building their peace pagodas
and cutting the ends of expanded shells

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to turn them into flowerpots.\"

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[VIETNAMESE LANGUAGE]

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You feel good on the island because
you see children who are safe from the war

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and from the bullets

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and from the more subtly destructive things.

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[VIETNAMESE LANGUAGE]

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About 9:00 AM each morning,

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you find Dick\'s kids
against the white barrels

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which guard the enlisted men\'s quarters.

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Their true meeting point,
the kids and the GIs,

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is that they\'re both bored,
both terribly bored.

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These men in Vietnam should keep in mind
that they\'re guests in the country.

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[MUSIC]

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Across the street in a bar,
Wei chief hustler of Dick\'s house.

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[MUSIC]

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Wei pimps, steals,
sells more refrigerators than anyone else.

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In a game like this,
you may win or lose $100 a day.

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Wei is a real operator.

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Don\'t act any differently
than you would expect guests to behave

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in your own hometown back in the states.

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How much?

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[?] How much?

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[VIETNAMESE LANGUAGE]

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Okay. You give me no more [?]

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[VIETNAMESE LANGUAGE]

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Hey you Saigon cowboy, you Saigon VC?

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It\'s not a question that was being
subservient to the American\'s.

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It\'s just a matter of these big things
being in the landscape

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and you go up to them and you ask for money,

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you steal money
or you cheat them out of money.

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That\'s just one
of the resources of your country

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because all these American\'s--

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You\'re a Gangster, Saigon gangster.

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What are you going to do,
open up a bar tomorrow?

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Other people have oil, copper.

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We have Americans.
Are all these Americans [?]

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How old are you now?

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I\'m 17 now.

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At 17 you can go work soldier right?

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How much can make money one man?

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You can be soldier.

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Go and go to the war
and be [VIETNAMESE LANGUAGE]

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you can go where the soldiers?

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No, no can do.

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I small guy [?] small guy
maybe I no small I can do.

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From time to time Wei leaves the bar
to attend to black market transactions

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and to see how the kids
are getting on across the street.

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Maybe some GI [?] some GI you don\'t know [?]

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[?]

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He changed $10 dollar for 1,000 [?]?

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Yes.

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You give him 1,000 [?] for $1?

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Yes.

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Sometimes the police arrest you
take you go jail?

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Yes sometime police
no like shoeshine boy, take to jail

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[?]

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Why do the police arrest shoeshine boy?

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Why the police don\'t like shoeshine boy?

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[?] no like shoeshine boy.

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[?]

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Take money.

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Steal money.

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Your mother and father
like you go work shoe shine?

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My mother, father don\'t like me.

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They don\'t like you?

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My mother like me
but my father, he don\'t like.

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Why?

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I don\'t like my father either way.

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Where do you live now?

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I live house Dick and John.

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What is the house of Dick?

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Tell me about the house of Dick.

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[VIETNAMESE LANGUAGE]

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Evening in Saigon, people take to the roofs
to catch the cooler air

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and the kids drift back to shoe shine house
with the day\'s pickings,

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and Dick will bank for them.

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Why did you take money?

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Dick usually asks no questions
about sources.

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His one rule, no money deals
between people in the house.

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I had to play [?]

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[?]

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Wei has taken money from us
for the interview on the street.

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Dick asks him why he accepted money from me
since I\'m living in the house.

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-No but why--
-Yes, he put money in table and let me keep it,

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he would give me money.

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Why don\'t you tell him, \"Don\'t do that [?]--

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I had to [?]

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Tonight you\'re asking for more money?

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[?]

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But it wasn\'t just the money at issue.

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It was my stolen camera too
that had raised tensions.

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Wei had said that he would get the camera back

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but he failed.

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What you got from him earlier
maybe in your interviews on the street

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was exactly what he knows is marketable
and what people want from him,

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exactly thing he doesn\'t want to give
but what he gives time and time again,

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which is just very saleable

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pidgin English.

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You see there\'s a contradiction in that
and that\'s why you see feelings,

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it\'s a contradiction
between being a part of this.

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Their people, their adults,

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their older people, their families,
their parents, the Vietnamese girls.

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All these people are being corrupted
and prostituted right in front of him.

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He feels very strongly that the whole side
is completely permeated

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by the money and with the money.

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I can\'t no walk away there is some GI going by,

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they\'re drunk [?] maybe some guy drunk [?]

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I can\'t take him on it.

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Maybe some guy give me money [?]

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Why no do that?

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I think they feel that they just don\'t
quite size up to what the Americans are.

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There\'s this great land 1,000 miles away

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with people, with lots of money
and great cars and big women.

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-That\'s make you want--
-I\'m not mad, you\'re mad. I\'m not mad.

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You make me want to-- You [?] you say.

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I\'m not mad.

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Vietnam\'s just in trouble
and there\'s a war here

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and the place to be as American,
to be an American.

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[?] I give to you.

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Maybe you want something [?] tomorrow.

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I don\'t want money.

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Maybe [?] you want me tomorrow [?].

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You keep. You can keep.

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You can keep too, no sweat.

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I tell you can keep no [?]

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His idea for the island was to build

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not just a haven
but a place for negotiations.

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That\'s pretty wild for a monk from Qinhuai.

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He had a vision that

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he was a man
who was going to bring peace to Vietnam.

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They\'re about maybe
20%, 25% of the young men,

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not just the people but just the young men
have been there since last Tết

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because their homes were destroyed

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or they just don\'t want to be around
where homes are being destroyed

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or because of the pickup in pressure
on the draft in South Vietnam now

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if they stop them in the streets, [?].

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They\'re all on the same trip
and it\'s obviously good for them.

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Their health is better.

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They aren\'t dying in the war
like the rest of their brothers.

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You were in the Vietnamese army,
why did you leave?

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Why I leave?

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Why you go away?

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Yes, why I leave to army no?

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Because [?] he get killed. He\'s killed.

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He saw three of his buddies killed
and he decided that that was enough.

00:19:56.200 --> 00:20:01.090
He hung around the brothels and
the northern part of the country for a while

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much like Wei in shoeshine house.

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Then he came not to the monk\'s Island,
but to another island,

00:20:09.360 --> 00:20:12.220
a disused cemetery here in Saigon.

00:20:12.220 --> 00:20:13.840
[?] you told doctor you\'re very sick.

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It\'s not really an island
but there\'s no other way to describe this

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closed-off isolated place
where 5,000 refugees live

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right in the center of Saigon
under all those roofs.

00:20:37.620 --> 00:20:43.370
It\'s security and secrecy lies in the fact
that once you go behind that church,

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you as a stranger are instantly lost.

00:20:46.860 --> 00:21:11.020
[VIETNAMESE LANGUAGE]

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Steve Earhart, also with Dispatch

00:21:13.970 --> 00:21:16.700
plans some articles on the cemetery people.

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His guide is Trong, cameraman, linguist
who knows the area well.

00:21:27.640 --> 00:21:48.850
[VIETNAMESE LANGUAGE]

00:21:57.410 --> 00:22:01.250
GIs came here once
looking for girls and marijuana,

00:22:01.360 --> 00:22:03.890
but now the GIs are rarely seen.

00:22:03.890 --> 00:22:06.740
All that reminds you of them

00:22:07.240 --> 00:22:11.200
are babies that they\'ve left behind.

00:22:17.530 --> 00:22:21.840
Trong says that the cemetery people
feel that we\'re spies

00:22:22.130 --> 00:22:24.840
because Steve speaks Vietnamese.

00:22:25.170 --> 00:22:27.410
This old man wants to follow us.

00:22:27.410 --> 00:22:32.300
Trong says, \"No,
no one may overhear our conversations.\"

00:22:36.360 --> 00:22:40.090
Trong has a great sense of secrecy.

00:22:40.090 --> 00:22:44.220
A Vietnamese without secrets
is nobody at all.

00:22:45.320 --> 00:22:50.170
It\'s hard to know what to think when
he says that people feel we belong to the CIA.

00:22:50.340 --> 00:23:20.450
[VIETNAMESE LANGUAGE]

00:23:21.290 --> 00:23:22.900
After two days in the cemetery,

00:23:22.900 --> 00:23:28.650
we found that it was almost impossible
to speak of the war or politics.

00:23:28.650 --> 00:23:32.320
It\'s just too dangerous
to have opinions on these things,

00:23:32.560 --> 00:23:36.730
so we end up talking about candy selling.

00:23:36.730 --> 00:23:38.640
This young man has just explained to me

00:23:40.130 --> 00:23:43.440
that he would like to be a spy when he grows up.

00:23:43.820 --> 00:23:46.340
He likes cowboys, he like spies.

00:23:46.620 --> 00:23:48.780
He likes spies most of all.

00:23:49.690 --> 00:23:54.010
This family is making a kind of candy.

00:23:54.480 --> 00:23:58.480
This is made from a fruit and sugar.

00:23:59.580 --> 00:24:03.640
Four part sugar to one part fruit.

00:24:03.850 --> 00:24:07.060
About 250 pounds of candy every day.

00:24:07.600 --> 00:24:10.960
The old lady, the mother, and this boy here

00:24:10.960 --> 00:24:16.720
go and sell the candy at the market
every morning from 6:00 AM until 10:00 AM.

00:24:16.720 --> 00:24:23.450
[MUSIC]

00:24:24.610 --> 00:24:27.410
We move from family to family.

00:24:27.410 --> 00:24:30.740
Steve putting his questions in Vietnamese.

00:24:31.320 --> 00:24:33.530
Most people were very poor.

00:24:33.530 --> 00:24:35.800
Most adults had TB.

00:24:36.090 --> 00:24:39.600
Most feared the coming rains
more than the war.

00:24:39.600 --> 00:24:45.730
[VIETNAMESE LANGUAGE]

00:24:46.040 --> 00:24:50.380
Things I remember most
and not the grim facts,

00:24:50.380 --> 00:24:52.970
but the science of affection,

00:24:53.120 --> 00:24:56.760
the touching and the sense of humor.

00:24:56.760 --> 00:25:03.490
[VIETNAMESE LANGUAGE]

00:25:03.490 --> 00:25:05.480
This family for instance,

00:25:05.480 --> 00:25:09.720
14 children, 2 adults living on $2 a day,

00:25:09.720 --> 00:25:13.360
which the mother earned
selling fish in the cemetery market.

00:25:13.360 --> 00:25:21.860
[VIETNAMESE LANGUAGE]

00:25:21.860 --> 00:25:23.220
By the end of the fourth day,

00:25:23.220 --> 00:25:28.020
we knew that our research
was not going past the superficial.

00:25:28.530 --> 00:25:30.930
To these people we were just Americans.

00:25:30.930 --> 00:25:34.040
In their experience,
Americans either kill or give.

00:25:36.460 --> 00:25:41.090
Every context seems to generate
to these simple alternatives.

00:25:41.090 --> 00:26:03.540
[SCREAMING] [LAUGHTER]

00:26:03.540 --> 00:26:07.560
You think it\'s a mistake for an American ever
to buy something for Vietnamese children?

00:26:08.130 --> 00:26:12.200
They appreciate about a half
but there are different way of giving,

00:26:12.200 --> 00:26:16.200
instead of leaving nicely
or encouraging for the good things,

00:26:16.200 --> 00:26:20.740
the way how you are doing,
that is encouraging them for the bad way.

00:26:22.500 --> 00:26:24.920
You think
I was the ugly American this afternoon, no?

00:26:25.920 --> 00:26:28.540
That is because I don\'t blame you.

00:26:28.540 --> 00:26:31.800
I think Dick too began
by thinking that he could be different,

00:26:31.800 --> 00:26:35.640
that he could break out
of the killing, giving cycle.

00:26:35.640 --> 00:26:41.330
More recently, I came to the recognition
that I had only reached a certain level.

00:26:42.340 --> 00:26:48.170
Underneath that there was tremendous
resentment for me as an American,

00:26:48.700 --> 00:26:53.730
as tremendous hostility that even [?]
themselves didn\'t realize how deep it was.

00:26:54.800 --> 00:26:58.080
That in one sense,
I was being completely put on,

00:26:58.080 --> 00:27:03.730
they had accepted a certain way
of dealing with me,

00:27:03.730 --> 00:27:08.720
they knew before I knew that they would
never get below a certain level with me,

00:27:08.720 --> 00:27:11.450
that there\'s certain things
I would never understand.

00:27:13.080 --> 00:27:17.210
This is a very close relationship
living here, sleeping together,

00:27:17.440 --> 00:27:19.360
having arguments.

00:27:22.820 --> 00:27:26.200
Your talk with them and your discussion
with them is all superficial?

00:27:26.360 --> 00:27:31.120
Well, there\'s no doubt
that I\'m not really getting through

00:27:33.160 --> 00:27:34.770
in a deep human way.

00:27:34.770 --> 00:27:37.380
I mean, I\'m not getting
to the very core of their lives.

00:27:38.560 --> 00:27:40.420
Have you ever given them money?

00:27:41.340 --> 00:27:44.680
Oh, occasionally,
I might get a popsicle or something.

00:27:46.600 --> 00:27:48.060
-Which is--
-Why?

00:27:49.820 --> 00:27:51.850
Because they asked me to.

00:27:52.800 --> 00:28:01.240
[VIETNAMESE LANGUAGE]

00:28:01.820 --> 00:28:02.960
Rejected.

00:28:03.330 --> 00:28:05.000
What am I gonna do with all this ice cream?

00:28:14.500 --> 00:28:15.640
Let\'s see.

00:28:16.730 --> 00:28:18.320
Would you like an ice cream?

00:28:21.660 --> 00:28:25.980
You can\'t find a way
to break the image, right?

00:28:27.490 --> 00:28:30.980
For example,
this woman who sells coffee and beer

00:28:32.100 --> 00:28:34.720
insisted that I should pay 50 [?]

00:28:35.020 --> 00:28:36.330
I know it\'s too much.

00:28:36.330 --> 00:28:38.490
She knew I knew it was too much.

00:28:40.970 --> 00:28:45.800
Yes, I was mad because
here she was saying, \"You\'re an American.

00:28:46.200 --> 00:28:49.560
I can cheat you.
This is the way I deal with you.\"

00:28:50.300 --> 00:28:54.540
Of course, I was offended because
I didn\'t want to be just another American

00:28:54.690 --> 00:28:57.140
that was being taken by the Vietnamese

00:28:57.810 --> 00:28:59.460
but looking at it from their point of view,

00:28:59.460 --> 00:29:03.740
I think they should get all the money they can
from the Americans by whatever means.

00:29:04.240 --> 00:29:09.840
Channel 11 news and sports is compiled
from commercial and military news agency.

00:29:11.770 --> 00:29:23.450
[VIETNAMESE LANGUAGE]

00:29:23.450 --> 00:29:28.210
We have made some progress
but we can be around to make some more.

00:29:28.380 --> 00:29:30.800
As far as American
public opinion is concerned,

00:29:30.800 --> 00:29:35.520
I think that the American people
will support a president

00:29:35.770 --> 00:29:42.380
if they are told by the President
why we are there and--

00:29:42.380 --> 00:29:55.700
[VIETNAMESE LANGUAGE]

00:29:55.700 --> 00:29:57.400
It will not be easy.

00:29:57.400 --> 00:30:01.010
For the American people,
I can say from having campaigned the country

00:30:01.010 --> 00:30:03.370
are terribly frustrated about this war.

00:30:03.370 --> 00:30:03.970
I think--

00:30:03.970 --> 00:30:08.940
[VIETNAMESE LANGUAGE]

00:30:12.580 --> 00:30:17.620
From Saigon you\'re viewing Channel 11,
The American Forces Vietnam Network.

00:30:20.890 --> 00:30:25.530
Reports on weather conditions stateside,
Vietnam and R&I.

00:30:25.530 --> 00:30:29.980
Here\'s that bumbling bundle
of barometric brilliance with Bobby.

00:30:31.140 --> 00:30:35.380
Now first in big D,
you long tall Texans out there

00:30:35.380 --> 00:30:42.410
had cool fairgate of 68 moving down
to the [?] to the Miami Beach area,

00:30:42.920 --> 00:30:46.140
was a cool clear day of 77.

00:30:50.960 --> 00:30:53.460
First step in the ancient capital of [?]

00:30:53.460 --> 00:30:59.010
the warm fair day of 87

00:31:01.060 --> 00:31:03.520
in and around the Da Nang area

00:31:05.220 --> 00:31:09.210
has reported to be awarm, clear day of 82.

00:31:09.460 --> 00:31:12.420
As for what the weather has been
in our part of the world this evening,

00:31:12.420 --> 00:31:16.040
this is Bobby saying good night
from American Forces Vietnam Network.

00:31:16.040 --> 00:31:19.410
This evening, I\'d like to send
a special salute to the fellows out there

00:31:19.410 --> 00:31:24.780
of the 92nd assault helicopter company,
and thank you fellas for watching.

00:31:24.780 --> 00:31:27.920
Until Monday,
have a pleasant evening weather-wise

00:31:27.920 --> 00:31:30.660
and y\'all know of course otherwise.

00:31:30.660 --> 00:31:34.840
[MUSIC]

00:31:34.840 --> 00:31:37.500
Weather,
a look at tomorrow\'s conditions today

00:31:37.500 --> 00:31:40.900
with Channel 11\'s weather girl, Bobby.

00:31:40.900 --> 00:32:26.860
[FLUTE PLAYING]

00:32:38.900 --> 00:32:43.490
Peace will come to Vietnam
for a short time in the year of the cock.

00:32:44.120 --> 00:32:46.330
This is the year of the cock.

00:32:47.770 --> 00:32:52.620
That\'s what the fortune teller says
this Sunday morning in the cemetery.

00:32:53.000 --> 00:32:55.220
[VIETNAMESE LANGUAGE]

00:32:58.740 --> 00:33:16.490
[VIETNAMESE LANGUAGE]

00:33:16.740 --> 00:33:20.200
Steve had decided to try the cemetery again.

00:33:20.420 --> 00:33:25.890
This Sunday found us there
listening to the destiny of a cyclo driver

00:33:25.890 --> 00:33:28.370
who lives behind the church.

00:33:28.860 --> 00:33:32.890
The fortune-teller says that
business will be good for him this year,

00:33:32.890 --> 00:33:35.100
but he has to look after his legs.

00:33:35.100 --> 00:33:55.810
[MUSIC]

00:33:55.810 --> 00:34:06.200
[VIETNAMESE LANGUAGE]

00:34:06.200 --> 00:34:08.210
He\'s 67 years old.

00:34:08.540 --> 00:34:12.220
He fought with the French in Europe
in the First World War

00:34:12.500 --> 00:34:18.420
and he\'s been driving cyclo\'s
in these streets for 40 years.

00:34:18.420 --> 00:34:54.060
[MUSIC]

00:34:54.820 --> 00:34:58.650
His day-to-day fortunes
depend on catching a GI

00:34:59.130 --> 00:35:02.330
for if he gets an American,
he\'ll make as much in one hour

00:35:02.330 --> 00:35:04.210
as he makes in a whole day.

00:35:17.290 --> 00:35:19.560
GI comes up to cyclo driver

00:35:20.250 --> 00:35:23.690
says, \"You got number one girl?\"

00:35:24.100 --> 00:35:25.660
Cyclo driver says,

00:35:25.900 --> 00:35:28.760
\"You go boom, boom, I get you number one girl.

00:35:28.760 --> 00:35:31.460
Very pretty, very young.

00:35:31.680 --> 00:35:34.570
Maybe you\'ll even say you want cherry girl.\"

00:35:34.570 --> 00:35:37.340
GI expresses incredulity,

00:35:38.460 --> 00:35:42.180
cyclo driver says, \"We go.\"

00:35:52.840 --> 00:35:54.970
If he gets an American,

00:35:54.970 --> 00:35:57.360
he may bring him back to the cemetery,

00:35:57.360 --> 00:36:01.760
where the girls sit
smoking their Salem\'s and waiting.

00:36:05.060 --> 00:36:08.410
She was born in the year of the cock
and the fortune teller tells her that

00:36:08.410 --> 00:36:11.730
according to her destiny,
she\'ll marry a foreigner.

00:36:12.020 --> 00:36:23.520
[VIETNAMESE LANGUAGE]

00:36:23.970 --> 00:36:27.260
\"That\'s all. Money please,\"
says the fortune teller.

00:36:27.260 --> 00:36:30.600
\"May I be prosperous this year?\"
The girl asks him.

00:36:30.600 --> 00:36:34.960
\"You will be prosperous, but you must
not go out on the streets at night

00:36:34.960 --> 00:36:39.290
because if you do, especially in February,
you will be shot.\"

00:36:51.840 --> 00:37:02.290
[VIETNAMESE LANGUAGE]

00:37:02.290 --> 00:37:07.820
This is the mama-san of the house
where the seven bar girls live.

00:37:13.050 --> 00:37:17.530
She used to own a bar,
but her husband drank all the profits.

00:37:17.700 --> 00:37:23.290
Now she manages this house
and seems to do so very well because

00:37:23.290 --> 00:37:29.290
the girls all call her mama-san
and there\'s a nice feeling in the house.

00:37:32.400 --> 00:37:45.100
[VIETNAMESE LANGUAGE]

00:37:45.840 --> 00:37:47.700
Your niece?

00:37:48.440 --> 00:37:49.280
Yes.

00:37:50.850 --> 00:37:59.960
[VIETNAMESE LANGUAGE]

00:37:59.960 --> 00:38:03.480
One girl said that
she was from a village just outside Saigon

00:38:03.480 --> 00:38:05.730
and that her mother and her sister

00:38:05.730 --> 00:38:08.570
didn\'t know
that she was working as a prostitute.

00:38:08.740 --> 00:38:11.580
She was very frightened
that they were going to find out.

00:38:11.890 --> 00:38:17.700
She saw no hope for the future and she felt
she was going to die in a few years.

00:38:17.700 --> 00:38:32.810
[MUSIC]

00:38:32.810 --> 00:38:37.570
Most of the bar girls do not wear
the white [VIETNAMESE LANGUAGE].

00:38:37.890 --> 00:38:41.530
All their hair in the long traditional style.

00:38:42.240 --> 00:38:45.920
They say that these things are for pure,
innocent Vietnamese girls

00:38:45.920 --> 00:38:49.280
and that they don\'t consider themselves
Vietnamese anymore.

00:38:49.410 --> 00:38:51.610
They belong to the foreigners now.

00:38:53.170 --> 00:38:56.360
If you\'re a girl, you have to have baby.

00:38:56.360 --> 00:38:58.360
I have two baby [?]

00:38:58.570 --> 00:38:59.620
You have two babies?

00:38:59.620 --> 00:39:01.720
Two baby, one boy, and one girl.

00:39:01.720 --> 00:39:09.800
One boy [?]

00:39:09.800 --> 00:39:11.900
Your husband is staying with you?

00:39:12.280 --> 00:39:13.700
Your husband is staying with you?

00:39:13.700 --> 00:39:14.720
Yes.

00:39:14.720 --> 00:39:16.610
Now he keeps on marrying.

00:39:16.610 --> 00:39:20.040
[?]

00:39:20.680 --> 00:39:22.800
but I don\'t like keep marry no more.

00:39:22.800 --> 00:39:23.930
You work in a bar?

00:39:23.930 --> 00:39:24.690
Yes.

00:39:24.690 --> 00:39:25.890
What bar you work in?

00:39:25.890 --> 00:39:27.020
[?]

00:39:29.780 --> 00:39:34.360
When they\'re not working, the bar girls
play on the back steps of the church.

00:39:34.360 --> 00:39:39.780
An old man who was watching told us
that Vietnam had always been a prostitute.

00:39:39.780 --> 00:39:42.890
Little nation between big nations.

00:39:42.890 --> 00:39:45.850
It was just a matter of choosing
whose mistress to be.

00:39:45.850 --> 00:39:47.280
Who was the most powerful.

00:39:52.060 --> 00:39:56.490
There was another bar girl I wanted to film,
almost a friend.

00:39:57.100 --> 00:40:02.780
She played with another army this one
with a French and Hanoi in \'54,

00:40:02.960 --> 00:40:08.620
but last night in her little cupboard
with her opium pipe, she died.

00:40:10.600 --> 00:40:16.400
Now, all that we have left are some images
that Trong took of her last year

00:40:17.250 --> 00:40:32.530
[FLUTE PLAYING]

00:40:41.360 --> 00:40:44.100
The next morning, we arrived about 9:00 AM

00:40:44.100 --> 00:40:49.770
and we found one of the cyclo drivers
collecting money for the woman\'s coffin.

00:40:50.250 --> 00:40:54.180
Everybody was giving 50, 100 [?],

00:40:54.440 --> 00:40:56.740
which is a lot of money for these people.

00:41:01.400 --> 00:41:09.380
[MUSIC]

00:41:09.380 --> 00:41:12.540
50 P for the coffin came from the fish family,

00:41:12.540 --> 00:41:15.540
via their son, the ice cream seller.

00:41:16.810 --> 00:41:20.660
They were having a sad, happy day this day,

00:41:20.800 --> 00:41:26.740
because for one hour,
another son came back from the war.

00:41:33.180 --> 00:41:36.410
He\'d been in the army before, but deserted,

00:41:36.410 --> 00:41:40.040
been informed on by a neighbor, arrested,

00:41:40.760 --> 00:41:44.840
and there was an officer
waiting just outside the gate

00:41:44.840 --> 00:41:46.570
to see that he didn\'t escape again.

00:41:46.570 --> 00:41:49.900
Moral is high and affections almost nil.

00:41:50.780 --> 00:41:54.200
All recruits are tattooed with the words
[VIETNAMESE LANGUAGE],

00:41:54.200 --> 00:41:56.210
which means, \"kill communists.\"

00:41:56.210 --> 00:42:00.940
A slogan not designed to endear them
to the enemy should they be captured.

00:42:12.780 --> 00:42:16.290
The coffin was bought
just outside the church gate.

00:42:17.940 --> 00:42:21.930
You\'d never have to go very far
in Vietnam to find a coffin shop.

00:42:44.770 --> 00:42:48.970
[VIETNAMESE LANGUAGE]

00:42:48.970 --> 00:42:50.450
The workman in the coffin shop,

00:42:50.450 --> 00:42:53.880
putting something like sawdust
inside the coffin.

00:42:53.880 --> 00:42:57.720
They said it was to absorb the blood.

00:43:06.540 --> 00:43:10.640
The house of the seven bad girls
was well-represented.

00:43:10.780 --> 00:43:15.570
Like most of the other people,
they didn\'t seem to know her very well,

00:43:16.000 --> 00:43:19.530
but perhaps because in a certain sense,
she was one of them,

00:43:19.850 --> 00:43:22.580
they seemed to be more moved by her death.

00:43:23.850 --> 00:43:26.080
She volunteered the information.

00:43:26.800 --> 00:43:28.520
She didn\'t usually spoke.

00:43:30.000 --> 00:43:31.340
She was sad.

00:43:32.370 --> 00:43:35.800
[VIETNAMESE LANGUAGE]

00:43:35.800 --> 00:43:37.620
I said, \"Why are you sad?\"

00:43:40.490 --> 00:43:42.440
She said, \"I don\'t know.\"

00:43:44.680 --> 00:43:47.200
I said,
\"Are you sad about the woman who died?\"

00:43:47.560 --> 00:43:50.600
[VIETNAMESE LANGUAGE]

00:43:50.600 --> 00:43:54.610
She said, \"No, I\'m only sad for myself.\"

00:43:56.810 --> 00:44:16.450
[VIETNAMESE LANGUAGE]

00:45:28.420 --> 00:45:31.090
Apparently she had died last night

00:45:31.090 --> 00:45:34.770
and the people had asked the police
to take the body away,

00:45:34.770 --> 00:45:39.180
but they refused to do so because
she had no identification papers.

00:45:40.050 --> 00:45:43.680
She was still lying
in the little cupboard that she lived in,

00:45:43.680 --> 00:45:48.450
and already people were beginning
to negotiate for that little bit of space.

00:45:48.900 --> 00:45:58.450
[MUSIC]

00:45:58.450 --> 00:46:01.570
The only reason you have to worry
about someone who\'s dead is

00:46:01.740 --> 00:46:04.560
that the manner
in which he departed from this world

00:46:04.560 --> 00:46:06.180
may have been upsetting somehow,

00:46:06.180 --> 00:46:10.850
may have rubbed the wrong edges
of the nerves of the universe.

00:46:10.850 --> 00:46:16.380
They have to get the spirit
back together again [?]

00:46:17.140 --> 00:46:38.010
[MUSIC]

00:46:38.010 --> 00:46:42.380
You\'re all part of the same family
there in the graveyard

00:46:42.490 --> 00:46:45.800
and everything is in harmony.

00:46:47.090 --> 00:46:54.240
[VIETNAMESE LANGUAGE]

00:46:54.240 --> 00:46:58.420
The man in the pith helmet is the one
that Trong would not let follow us

00:46:58.420 --> 00:47:00.810
on our first day in the cemetery.

00:47:01.120 --> 00:47:06.180
He and old Sickler
hidden beneath the little peaked cap,

00:47:06.180 --> 00:47:10.010
were the only ones
who are not frightened of the woman\'s TB.

00:47:10.970 --> 00:47:30.130
[VIETNAMESE LANGUAGE]

00:47:30.380 --> 00:47:33.080
Trong was there last night when she died,

00:47:33.080 --> 00:47:38.050
and he tells us that he found people
going through her possessions.

00:47:40.570 --> 00:47:45.760
People are looking at her luggage bag,
check the things,

00:47:45.760 --> 00:47:47.900
so I asked them, \"What for?\"

00:47:49.810 --> 00:47:53.640
They told me that for arranging the things
so when she dies,

00:47:53.640 --> 00:47:57.770
so they can bury it together
with her in the coffin.

00:47:59.260 --> 00:48:04.600
She was very small and very fine bones.

00:48:05.580 --> 00:48:08.170
She was a very beautiful,
delicate little thing,

00:48:08.170 --> 00:48:12.890
and she used to dance in the cabaret in Hanoi,

00:48:13.860 --> 00:48:15.530
when the French were there

00:48:15.760 --> 00:48:21.010
and she was the mistress of the prince.

00:48:27.560 --> 00:48:32.920
After a while she was hooked
on the black Phantom opium,

00:48:35.760 --> 00:48:41.140
I was thinking of her living there in a tomb.

00:48:44.000 --> 00:48:46.080
She was once a dancer.

00:48:53.980 --> 00:48:56.080
I didn\'t have any relatives at all,

00:48:56.210 --> 00:49:01.570
and now she has none except found out
she has a two young daughter.

00:49:04.890 --> 00:49:10.080
Yes, she was holding her little sister
some of the time.

00:49:10.460 --> 00:49:12.490
She looked very sad,

00:49:13.500 --> 00:49:14.800
very lonely.

00:49:15.580 --> 00:49:18.480
A look of sudden realization,

00:49:18.680 --> 00:49:23.850
at the age of 13 that,

00:49:24.820 --> 00:49:27.660
for what little it was worth,

00:49:28.460 --> 00:49:30.080
that was your mother.

00:49:42.040 --> 00:49:45.090
The older daughter later disappeared.

00:49:45.340 --> 00:49:50.850
Some said that she had been taken
to the other side, to the NLF.

00:50:30.930 --> 00:50:35.280
Ironically,
Catholicism is more alive on this island

00:50:35.280 --> 00:50:37.240
than it is in the cemetery,

00:50:37.970 --> 00:50:42.380
because the monk has incorporated it
into his Buddhism, his Daoism,

00:50:42.380 --> 00:50:45.400
lots of Catholic symbols and rituals.

00:51:15.810 --> 00:51:17.840
The value is high and you pray.

00:51:18.920 --> 00:51:23.360
It took nearly 10 times a day by the number,

00:51:24.040 --> 00:51:25.800
people go and pray.

00:51:27.130 --> 00:51:30.450
It gives them time to think or not think
depending on your point of view.

00:51:32.600 --> 00:51:36.130
There\'s someplace to be,
it\'s like mealtimes

00:51:36.130 --> 00:51:39.440
and it gives their day a certain order to it.

00:51:39.440 --> 00:51:44.160
Since they pray through the night too,
the distinction between day and night

00:51:44.160 --> 00:51:48.200
isn\'t quite the same
with the bells gonging away.

00:51:50.250 --> 00:51:52.820
It puts them on a trip, literally.

00:51:53.040 --> 00:51:54.480
They have the gongs going.

00:51:54.480 --> 00:51:59.850
They have the prayer, which by this time
is a repeated Indian mantra.

00:51:59.850 --> 00:52:02.850
It has no intellectual sense to it.

00:52:02.850 --> 00:52:04.650
It\'s just a bunch of words
going through your head,

00:52:04.650 --> 00:52:07.090
a freeing mechanism for your mind.

00:52:25.250 --> 00:52:28.080
The diet, a vegetarian diet.

00:52:28.080 --> 00:52:33.570
After about four days, your body feels light
and your mind feels very light.

00:52:35.370 --> 00:52:38.700
Like a balloon,
one says you could float away.

00:52:38.700 --> 00:52:41.380
These people eat nothing but vegetable.

00:52:41.380 --> 00:52:45.300
This is a classical Buddhist circle.

00:52:45.300 --> 00:52:47.010
Man lives off the earth.

00:52:47.010 --> 00:52:50.320
When he dies, his body decays, whatnot,

00:52:50.320 --> 00:52:56.170
but it goes into the earth
and out of the earth comes vegetables.

00:52:56.280 --> 00:52:59.400
The Buddha taught
that if you eat the vegetables,

00:52:59.780 --> 00:53:03.610
you were completing the cycle
without any pain or suffering.

00:53:03.610 --> 00:53:05.440
If you eat meat,

00:53:06.240 --> 00:53:11.880
the suffering and the pain of the animal
that you killed goes into your body.

00:53:12.040 --> 00:53:15.530
If you\'re killing cows,

00:53:16.850 --> 00:53:21.120
you\'re killing an element of yourself

00:53:21.120 --> 00:53:25.090
and that will correspond
later in your actions

00:53:25.090 --> 00:53:27.740
and you might kill somebody else.

00:53:28.620 --> 00:53:30.640
It\'s the spilling of blood.

00:53:43.370 --> 00:53:47.900
The war is all around the island,
patrol boats circle constantly.

00:53:47.900 --> 00:53:50.930
Helicopters spray the jungle
in both sides of the river

00:53:50.930 --> 00:53:54.210
and at night,
rockets pass directly overhead.

00:53:54.570 --> 00:53:58.120
On the island, the only war is a symbolic war.

00:53:58.400 --> 00:54:02.920
The war the Daozuo fights with apples
and Palm leaf grenades.

00:54:23.060 --> 00:54:32.800
[VIETNAMESE LANGUAGE]

00:54:36.620 --> 00:54:41.210
I, second uncle, playing the theater of war

00:54:42.160 --> 00:54:45.180
of Northwood then Southwood moving,

00:54:45.180 --> 00:54:49.380
morality will bring peace to Vietnam
and to the world.

00:54:50.010 --> 00:54:54.820
I, second uncle,
respectfully ask permission to go to Hanoi,

00:54:54.820 --> 00:54:57.600
bringing good solution for Vietnam.

00:54:57.600 --> 00:54:59.500
Peace will surely come.

00:55:04.160 --> 00:55:08.020
He believes that
if you manipulate a symbol for a thing,

00:55:08.570 --> 00:55:11.200
it\'s not different than voodoo,

00:55:11.660 --> 00:55:18.160
or alchemy
or any of the Western psychic sciences,

00:55:18.160 --> 00:55:21.690
if you manipulate
a symbol for a thing properly,

00:55:21.690 --> 00:55:24.440
you manipulate the thing itself,
these symbols.

00:55:24.440 --> 00:55:29.240
In other words,
you can miniaturize gross cosmos

00:55:29.240 --> 00:55:34.300
just by having
the proper geometrical formulas,

00:55:34.500 --> 00:55:37.330
so it manipulates these symbols.

00:55:42.210 --> 00:55:45.620
He manipulates the symbols of his map.

00:55:45.730 --> 00:55:49.860
Each day, he walks between Saigon and Hanoi.

00:56:07.760 --> 00:56:11.210
He was educated in France
as a chemical engineer.

00:56:11.480 --> 00:56:14.200
Came back from France in 1945,

00:56:14.200 --> 00:56:17.860
well-equipped with his degree
and his family\'s wealth.

00:56:19.130 --> 00:56:22.220
Then he went through
a classical Buddhist change.

00:56:22.220 --> 00:56:24.360
Seeing the misery around him

00:56:24.650 --> 00:56:27.850
and feeling a compulsion
to do something about it.

00:56:28.900 --> 00:56:33.960
The government calls him a fool
and confined him to this peaceful island.

00:56:35.760 --> 00:56:39.860
He\'s a fool perhaps,
but who drops the napalm in Vietnam?

00:56:39.860 --> 00:56:41.490
Other crazy man.

00:56:41.490 --> 00:56:44.820
What are the results of these two insanities?

00:56:45.160 --> 00:56:49.400
Carnage and a lovely society.

00:56:50.890 --> 00:56:55.140
You almost have to stop this,
what you feel when you go to the island.

00:56:55.140 --> 00:56:58.580
Mosquitoes may bother you
and the gongs may keep you up,

00:56:58.580 --> 00:57:02.090
but you\'re looking at Vietnamese
that you won\'t see anywhere,

00:57:02.090 --> 00:57:05.570
from the Chinese border down to the ocean.

00:57:05.570 --> 00:57:47.250
[BELLS TOLLING]